Apparatus for treating hair



7 March 24, 1931. i c BROWN 1,797,318

APPARATUS FOR TREATING HAIR Filed June 19, 1928 ay-L i I N VEN TOR.

W, A TTORN EY S.

Patented Mar. 24, 193i STATES mums ennsrnn' BROWN, on NEW roman. Y.,.AssIGnoR we. a;'is aamsiiaqs-f s NEW YORK, N. Y., A oonronA'rroirornnwyonx. o v p APPARATUS ronrime'rmrrein Application filed June 1928.Serial "No;281115549.

This invention relates to apparatusand a method for the treating of hairand particularly the permanent waving of human hair.

It iswell understoodby those skilled in the art that considerabledifliculty has been experienced in the permanent waving of hair due tothe fact that, while it is a comparatively simple matter to permanentlywave hair'which has not been previously waved, that a different problemis presented -where anew growth of hair (say, for example, two inchesfrom the scalp) is to be waved wlthout rewaving previously waved hair.In other words, ifuniform treatment of the new, as well as thepreviously waved hair were resorted to, it is obvious that amarkedcontrast in'the waving off'the new and rewaved portions would usuallyresult, which would not be desirable. instances, wherethe previouslywaved portion of the hair is to be slightly rewaved and the newly grownhair is to have a p'erma nent wave imparted thereto ln-such a man ner,thatall portions of the hair tress or strands'will beuniformly waved,the diflis' culties which'may be experienced are obvious;

With this in mind the present invention aims to provide a method andcombmation of apparatus whereby'an operator may 1mpart to newly grownand unwaved hair a permanent wave to theexclusion of prev ously wavedhair. By means of the present invention it is also'practicable for theop erator to permanently wave new and unwaved hair and to rewav epreviously waved hair to an extent that uniform results throughout theentire length of the hair strand are achieved. 3

However, the. present an Operator d fi'lwiththis latter problem. withentire satisfaction.

Astill further object is that of practicing the present. method by meansof apparatus:

which may behandled readily. and skillfully by "an operator to producethe resultsdesued.

Furthermore, in certain I invention does not. deal with the solution ofthese problems to.

Additional objects will be apparent uponwith diflerent problemsofwavingpresented;

for an operators considerationg and.

Figs. 8, 4- and 5 are sectional views of a heater and showing the samein association with pads ofthe type shown in Figs. 1 and2.

' With primary-referenceito Figure l it'will be seen that a ventilatedp'ad has, been illus' 'referringto the succeeding specificationand Itratedg Thus, the numeral indicat es the ;materia1 as, for example,-paper, forming the backing sheet-of the pad, the latter being provldedby an element 11 preferablylformedof gauze provided j with transverserows of stitchi'n .12 and whichelement may, for ex-- ample,- einthe'natu're of "a"containeri;enclosing a suitable chemical substance orwhich may, prior to the treatment, be dipped into a suitable solution;Preferably enclosing that portion of thesheet 10 whichlies adjacent-thepad'element is a' 'strip of mate" rial 13 as, forexample, foilandit-wil'lbe observed, in a pad "ofthis nature, thatg'the element 11 isof relatively restricted area and.

the sheet 10 is preferably formed with perforations 1 4 constitutingventilation fopen-f ings through which 7 air may pass during thetreatment. ,1 c I In Figure 2 there has been illustrated one practicalform of full'length pad and in this View the numeral 15' indicates'the'sheet and 16 the pad element,"a sheet'l'? ofheattrans mitting materialasffor example, metal'foil,

being secured to the oute'r'face of the sheet 15. a

InFigures 3,4 and 5 a heater of desirable an electrical heating element19, an annular series ofrodsQO serving toconnect-this sleeve to a;ring-shapedhead 2l iformed conveniently of a non-heat-conductingmaterial and with which ,wires22 are-associatedto be com nected with..thejiheating:element '19.- As" shown the rear edge of the shell 18 mayterminate in a uiding lip 23 and an extension unit in the ibrm of ametallic tube 24 may seat within the flange portion 23 and have ent,may, however, be freely removed by an operator sim 1y gripping a fingerportion 27 provided at t e rear end thereof and'formed,

preferably, of a non-heatcondueting mate rial.

New, assuming that itis desired to wave ignewly grown hair without anydanger of double waving operator will, a or properly disposing the tressof hair 28.. upon a spindle member 29, enclese the hair strand'within apad of. the nature illustrated in Figure, 1. It is to be understoodthatthe pad is moistened prior to such application to set up thesubsequently 1ptreviously waved hair, an

desired chemical reactiomand the spindle,

hair tress and pad will n w he introduced as one unit-through the; boreof: the, shell l8, the end of the sheet: 110 beingc umped-m w-ardly as,for example, by at olip membe v to provide a seal guarding against theescape of steam touards'the. soalp- With. the parts in sue-h position.wil be .u dersto l' that the spindle orzourer is. ma ntain n th e ralposition As a consequence the trea ment. of the hair will b evenlydistributed and the pad'w-ill be main ained in Prope contact. withthe-hair tress t roughou al points. in the s r ace thereo p n heat being applied e we mg operation will be onfined to, the newly g own ha r.D o

his tao or doubl aving of he p eviously sav d hei cannot otrour, thelatter portion otthe hair tr ss being exposed to the free oir ulat on byvi tueo th opo mgs 14 in the pad. in conne tion w th F amit. w l bunderstodl tha Whllb' the promus y wa ed por ions of hair ha been hortssoiled ab ut the $P r i .-l; 't y migh be. passed rearu rdlv th r iaain. substam tially straight lines.

An, operator confronted with the p o le of: imp rt sts to aira uni o m whr out newly rown and: s raigh portions t e eof, well as p iously waved.portion may emp oy a Pad nat re hown Figure 2i whioh, as in wil erve to.com? ulotely enolos o. a por ions oi the ai tre ispo fi the eur en. a cnsequence of: this oon tr etioe, whi e those po ti ns o l he hair tr ndwhich a e to be. eve ed wil not. be subieoted to a local and intenseheat, as: are those. portions oi the hair strand within the shell 18,nevertheless heat: will be transmitted to the previously waved portionsof the strand incident, first, to theconduet-iw ity of the layer17-presuming that such a sheet forms a part of the padand due par:ticularly to the fact that the gases and vapors, in escaping from thespacedefined by the pad, must necessarily traverse the length of thespindle and pass from the open rear end of thetubeprovided by the pad.It

Will be. found, with a treatment of this nature, that uniformlydesirable results are achieved in that, upon a strand being re movedfrom thecurler, the degrees of waving to Whichjthe straight portions andpreviwill be apparentin that all portions f hairupon the spindle will besubjected to a, substantially uniform .degreeof heat, due to th highheat conductivity of the tube and the fact. that the latter is coupleddirectly to the shell unit e-nc-losingthe heating element. and

that, all portions of the'hair to be treated are enclosed in the padmember.

In connectionwith the treatment illustrated. in Figure 5, it will beunderstood that, naturally, those portions of thehairstrand immediatelyenclosed by the shell containing the heater element will actually besubjectedto a slightly greater degree of heat than the portions of thestrand enclosed by theextensionunit, but the effective heat will beuniform in that, as is. well known, the hair immediately adjacent thescalp has tougher and oilier properties than the portions of the hairrelatively remote therefrom and as, a consequence of the grading of theheat; a per-feet Wa e results- I From theforeg ing-it w ll be ob i hat.among others, the several objects specifically aforementioned areachieved In conclusion, however, it will be understood that While the:pads and heater herein illustratedv re pa ticu ar y flioacio s and;desirab other padsmight be substituted without, departing from thespirit. of the invention as definedby the. c aimss Having de cribed myinvent on, what I; claim as new'and desire to secure by Lab ters Patent;is; r

1.. In. combinati n, a heater for-the permanent wa ing of'hair,saidfheat i compris ing a ircu ar heating, elemen ,v a ea resist- -ng rig assoc ated. ith sa d element, said. parts. beingspaced to pe mithefree. flow oi airtherebetweeu, a pad adapted for use w h said heater, ahair treatingzlilye f q tli i hg 8 part ot'said pad, the area. of: said.iayerg cointh he ar o theinner surfaee of saidheating element: and perfoation the wallsot said padiLcoinoiding-with. the

air space between the heating elementand heat resistin ring of saidheater.

2. In icom ination, a heater for the permanent waving of hair, saidheater comprising a circular heating element, a heat resistlng rlngassociated with said element, said parts being spaced to permit the freeflow or air therebetween, a pad adapted .for use with said heater, ahair treating layer forming a part of said pad, the area of said layerexceeding the area of the inner surfacejof said heating element, saidlayer extending into the airspace between the heating element and theheat resisting ringof said heater.

3. In combination, a heater for the per manent Waving of hair, saidheater comprising a circular heating element, a heat resisting ringassociated with said element, said parts being spaced to permit the freeflow of airrtherebetween, a heat conducting sleeveadapted to bepositioned in said heater to enclose the space adjacent the heat resist-V I, ing ring, said sleeve being designed to conadapted to be positionedin said heater to ing a circular heating elemen't,-a heat resisting ringassociated with said element, said parts being spaced to, permit thefree flow of air therebetween, a heat conducting sleeve enclose thespace adjacent the heat resisting ring, said sleeve being designed toconduct a high degree of heat but not equal to the degree of heatmaintained by the heating element,a pad adapted for use with saidheater,

a hair treatinglayer forming a partof said pad, the area of said layerbeing at least coextensive with the area of the inner sur face of saidheating element and said padextending within said heat conductingsleeve.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature. JAMES CHESTER BROWN.

